abusive practice acoustic emissions active legitimacy air transport airbag alternative medicine amendable damage amicable settlement appeal reform appropriative occupation art. 141 Insurance Code art. 2051 c.c. art. 213 c.p.c. art. 45 c.p.c. asbestos exposure ASL liability biological damage blood transfusion blood transfusions burden of proof case law Cassation Catanzaro court catastrophic damage causal connection causal link causality causation cause of action childbirth circumstantial evidence Civil Code civil law civil liability civil trial claims made clause cohabitation community directives compensatio lucri cum damno compensation compensation for damages compensation tables compulsory treatment conflict of jurisdiction consent Consob Consumer Code contagion contractual interpretation Court of Appeal Court of Cassation Covid-19 crime victims criminal law criminal liability culpability custodial liability custody damage assessment damage from loss of chance damages damages assessment damages compensation defamation dentistry diagnostic error differential damage dismissal Down syndrome emotional bonds employer liability environmental offense environmental remediation equitable settlement equity European directive European law evidence executive effectiveness extinction of crime failure to supervise family law fault food law force majeure fortuitous event good faith guard rail guidelines gynecologist health law healthcare liability hermeneutics highways human rights iatrogenic injury inadequate maintenance inadmissible appeal INAIL indemnity infected blood infidelity informed consent injunctive relief injury from fall insurance coverage insurance law insurance policies intoxication ISTAT update Italian laws joint debtors joint liability judge's power judgment judgment 28558 judgment 525/2025 judicial office judicial reasoning jurisprudence justice labor law law law 210/1992 law 287/1990 lease legal distances legal expenses legal requalification liability liability of public entities liability of the Municipality liability of the Public Administration logical prejudiciality loss of chance loss of parental relationship medical liability medical malpractice medical negligence melanoma Milan ruling minors mobbing Montreal Convention moped moral damage moral damages Municipality Municipality of Gragnano Naples newborn noise emissions non-compete agreement non-economic damage non-economic damages non-pecuniary damage nosocomial infections nullity of contract obligation occupational disease occupational diseases order 10720/2024 order 18318 Order 20351 ordinance ordinary jurisdiction package travel parental damage parental liability passenger liability passenger rights passengers passive legitimacy paternity personal injury pets Pinto law pollutant emissions preliminary contract prescription Presidency of the Council presumptive evidence preventive agreement procurement professional liability prohibited agreements property property rights provisional judgment psychological suffering public administration public entities public entity public entity liability public liability public works real estate transaction refusal of transfusion regional law regional legislation registration tax remediation res judicata responsibility of the Ministry of Health Revenue Agency right of first refusal right to health right to honor right to report right to rest right to self-determination road accident road accidents road damages road maintenance road potholes ruling ruling 16979 ruling 2007 ruling 2023 ruling 2024 ruling 5947 ruling Court of Naples safety school law self-determination sentence separation settlement stalking standing state liability statute of limitations stray animals stray dogs substitution Supreme Court Supreme Court 2023 Supreme Court 2024 Supreme Court ruling surgical intervention tax law technical consulting territorial jurisdiction testimonial evidence traffic accident TSO unlawful occupation unrecognized associations usufruct usurpative occupation VAT violation weather events wildlife witness testimony work-related liability. workplace injuries workplace safety wrongful birth wrongful detention